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Exchange List for Diabetes Overview
In 1989, American Diabetes Association identifies six exchange lists. For a balanced diet, subject must eat for each exchange list.
The exchange list is similar to food group as defined by 2005 USDA mypyramid for population at large to eat balanced diet.
The foods within a list are grouped for their similarity in calories, carbohydrates and fat contents. Foods can be substituted for each other within a list but not between lists.
There are six standard exchange lists:
Starches Breads
Vegetables
Fruits
Fats
Milk
Meats
For vegetarians, we have included Dal/Beans as a separate group. One exchange of Dal/Beans replaces one exchange of Meats and 1 exchange of Starch/breads. This results in lower calories and lower fat, two major benefits to Vegetarians.
The ADA has also identified an Exchange list call "Free foods" with less than 20 calories per serving.
| Carbohydrate (grams) |
Protein (grams) |
Fat (grams) |
Calories | ||
| Starch/Bread | 15 | 3 | Trace | 80 | |
| Vegetable | 5 | 2 | -- | 25 | |
| Fruit | 15 | -- | -- | 60 | |
| Fat | -- | -- | 5 | 45 | |
| Milk | Skim Low fat Whole |
12 12 12 |
8 8 8 |
trace 5 8 |
90 120 150 |
| Meat | Lean Medium fat High fat |
-- -- -- |
7 7 7 |
3 5 8 |
55 75 100 |
| Dal/beans (Meat Substitute) | 12 | 6 | 1 | 80 | |