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Infant Jaundice

80% of premature infants, and 50% of full term infants have jaundice (Hyperbilirubinemia). The liver of the infant is not capable to metabolize Bilirubin. Bilirubin is formed when the body recycles the red blood cells.

High Bilirubin results in yellowing of face and the white of the eyes. Then it spreads to chest, stomach and legs.

The jaundice appears on second or third day of the birth and lasts about 10 days if the newborn is full-term. In case of premature babies, it may last longer.

Causes of Infant Jaundice

Premature birth

Bruising during birth

Blood type mismatch between infant and mother

Blood mismatch may require Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), or even Exchange Blood transfusion. These subjects are beyond the scope of this website.

Phototherapy is a common method for premature births

Breast Feeding

Bilirubin levels are 2 to 3 milligrams higher among breast fed infants (14.8 mg Bilirubin) than formula fed infants (12.4 mg Bilirubin). Therefore, jaundice lasts longer in breast fed infants.

This does not mean that mother should stop breast feeding. One may consider two alternatives

1. More frequent and unrestricted breast feeding.

This will increase in number of bowel movements. Each bowel movement will pass Bilirubin, decreasing the Bilirubin levels. If the infant is lethargic, wake up baby to feed.

2. Switch over to Formula feed

This need to be temporary only for two days. During this time, mother should use breast pump to remain available again.

3. Do not give sugar solutions to the infant to reduce Bilirubin levels. This will reduce the amount of breast milk intake, reducing the chances of Bilirubin to be expelled.