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Blood pressure Measurement, Types, and Management
Systolic Diastolic Measurement, Primary and Secondary hypertension, Managing through food and lifestyle changes
What are Blood Pressure measurements?
Blood pressure is measured by force at which heart pumps out blood, and the force exerted when heart relaxes to take the blood in.
High blood pressure is also known as hypertension. Blood pressure is measured by two numbers
Systolic
The force exerted by blood on the artery walls as the heart pumps it out.
Diastolic
Force as the heart relaxes to let the blood flow into the heart.
Blood pressure is measured as Systolic/Diastolic in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).
| Category | Systolic Pressure | Diastolic Pressure | |
| Adults |
Optimal | Less than 120 | Less than 80 |
| Normal | 120 to 130 | 80 to 85 | |
| High: Normal | 130 to 139 | 85 to 89 | |
| High: Mild Hypertension | 140 to 159 | 90 to 99 | |
| High: Moderate | 160 to 179 | 100 to 109 | |
| Severe | 180 to 209 | 110 to 119 | |
| Very Severe | Greater than 210 | Greater than 120 | |
| Children Specifies normal blood pressure by age groups |
Age (years) | Systolic Pressure | Diastolic Pressure |
| 3 to 5 | 116 | 76 | |
| 6 to 9 | 122 | 78 | |
| 10 to 12 | 126 | 82 | |
| 13 to 15 | 136 | 86 |
Types of hypertension
Primary, and Secondary. 90% of persons afflicted with high blood pressure have Primary hypertension. After a physician has determined that you suffer from hypertension, physician will order Blood tests, urine analysis, An electrocardiogram, and an exercise stress test. to ascertain cause of the hypertension. Primary hypertension is when the physician can not ascertain a medical condition causing hypertension. The secondary hypertension is caused by a medical condition and it can treated and reversed.
Managing Hypertension
You can manage hypertension with drug therapy and life style changes. We will only focus on Dietary Changes.
1. Avoid Caffeine Intake, Alcohol, and Smoking
2. Weight Loss
3. Exercise
People with hypertension should avoid any caffeinated beverages. These beverages may put extra workload on heart by increasing heart rate.
4. Good Sleep Habits
5. Stress Reduction
6. Proper diet such as DASH